Case study · Food & nutrition · Mobile · AI · HCDE coursework, U-Michigan

MealMap

An AI grocery assistant covering the whole journey — from "what's for dinner tonight" to finding it on the shelf — one flow where the market has 3-4 disconnected tools.

UX Researcher & Designer · team of 3 2.5 months 9 interviews · 11 think-alouds

What I did

Designed the 9-participant interview protocol and ran 4 sessions · synthesized thematic analysis · created the journey map, task analysis, and competitive matrix · wireframed and prototyped all 6 core flows · designed and ran 4 of the 11 think-aloud sessions with mixed quant scoring (SEQ / SUS / NPS / DRT) · iterated on findings.

Final Recipes screen with AI-generated meal plans and imported recipes. Final in-store navigation screen with an optimized route to items on the shelf. Final grocery list screen with AI-generated lists that learn buying behavior.
+13.7SUS, after one iteration (65.8 to 79.5)
+1.9SEQ, in-store navigation (3.5 to 5.4, reaching the acceptability threshold)
20Participants across interviews (9, ages 24-64) and think-alouds (11, ages 28-63)
6Core flows wireframed, prototyped, and tested

After one iteration cycle, both core tasks reached acceptable SEQ thresholds and sentiment shifted meaningfully positive. The remaining hard problem — in-store map confirmation — is named honestly in the reflection, with the next study already designed.

The problem

No single app does all of it.

One app to plan meals, another to navigate the store, a third for the pantry, a fourth for recipes — none of them talk to each other, and none adapt to accessibility needs. The fragmentation itself is the user's problem.

"How might we help adults plan meals and shop more easily using narrow AI — budget-aware lists, best-store routing, in-store item finding — while staying accessible for diverse needs?"

Design question
01 — Discovery

What we heard when we actually listened.

9 interviews, ages 24-64, on shopping habits, technology use, pain points, and accessibility needs. Two quotes crystallized the problem space immediately.

"We just stopped [meal kit service] because we don't like making those decisions — what to make for dinner. So, even though [meal kit service] is probably more expensive, it's so easy just to not think about what's for dinner tonight."

Participant 7 - decision fatigue around meal planning

"When they do a reset, I can't find anything... I have to look up at the aisles and see where things are listed."

Participant 2 - in-store disorientation after store resets
User journey map marking friction points: losing a written list, recipes scattered across apps, and struggling to locate items in-store.

The journey map surfaced three recurring frictions: losing the written list, recipes scattered across tools, and locating items once inside the store.

02 — Define

Turning interviews into clear direction.

Planning & meal decisions Store navigation Digital tool adoption Pain points & barriers Substitutions & budgeting
GAP 01

Decision fatigue

The mental load of "what's for dinner" pushes users to costly meal-kit shortcuts.

GAP 02

No all-in-one app exists

Users juggle 3-4 disconnected tools for meals, groceries, pantry, and cooking.

GAP 03

Items are hard to find

In-store disorientation, especially after resets or in unfamiliar stores.

Competitive analysis matrix showing no existing grocery app covers the full experience.

No competitor covers the full experience — a confirmed market gap, not an assumed one.

Task analysis diagram mapping the full flow from meal planning to cooking.

Task analysis showed where the tool handoffs break down — each handoff is a friction point.

03 — Ideate

From blank paper to tested wireframes.

Hand sketches across all major flows, then straight to low-fidelity wireframes for usability testing — before any visual design was applied.

Hand sketches

Home dashboard hand sketch.
Home dashboard
AI meal suggestion hand sketch.
AI meal suggestion
Grocery list hand sketch.
Grocery list
In-store navigation hand sketch.
In-store navigation

Black & white wireframes

Home dashboard black and white wireframe.
Home dashboard
AI meal suggestion black and white wireframe.
AI meal suggestion
Grocery list black and white wireframe.
Grocery list
In-store navigation black and white wireframe.
In-store navigation
Design iterations

What changed. And why.

Testing showed which flows needed another pass before high fidelity. Two small changes had the biggest impact.

Confirming items: from auto-confirmation to digital scratch-off

Tried → Learned → Shipped
TriedNavigation wireframe before iteration, with no checkoff boxes.
Auto-confirming items when users tapped the map for new directions confused them — no moment of "I got my item."
ShippedIteration adding checkboxes to match user mental models.
A simple checkbox restored control — mirroring scratching an item off a handwritten list.

Result: users regained confidence in their purchasing ability — the mental model won.

Live maps: from 2D-only to a 3D option

Tried → Learned → Shipped
Tried2D live map before iteration.
Users liked 2D maps, but in busy stores a map that did not match reality — high shelves, narrow aisles — added cognitive load.
ShippedIteration adding a 3D map option alongside 2D.
A 3D option mimics the real feel of the store and matches user expectations.

Result: the 3D map matched mental models and reduced reported overwhelm. In-store confirmation remained the hardest unsolved problem — see Reflection.

"Don't trust the spec; always talk to users. The 'all-in-one app' problem was three separate problems hiding inside one design brief — only the interviews surfaced that."

What iteration taught us
Final design

Six screens. One complete experience.

Onboarding screens covering dietary, accessibility, and personalization needs.

Onboarding — dietary, accessibility & personalization needs first

Recipes screen with AI meal plans and imports.

Recipes — AI meal plans, imports, favorites

Food inventory screen with expiring-soon and low-stock views.

Food inventory — expiring soon, low stock, less waste

Grocery list screen that learns buying behavior.

Grocery lists — "you already have milk"

In-store navigation screen with optimized routing.

In-store navigation — optimized route, substitutions

Error handling screen with graceful offline fallbacks.

Error handling — AI fails gracefully; users are never stranded

Video walkthroughs

Narrated with my design decisions.

Onboarding

Grocery lists

In-store navigation

04 — Validate

Testing showed us where to push harder.

11Think-alouds

New participants, ages 28-63

SEQPer task

Single Ease Question on both core tasks

SUSUsability

System Usability Scale across sessions

DRTCustom scale

My 4-dimension Likert scale for AI desirability, reliability & trust

VADERSentiment

Across all sessions + open AI-trust question

SEQ · Meal Plan5.5 → 6.2already at threshold
SEQ · In-Store Nav3.5 → 5.4reached acceptability
SUS65.8 → 79.5+13.7
NPS-50 → +40sample too small for a statistical claim
DRT3-4 → 4-5AI trust improved
Sentiment distribution chart showing a shift toward positive after iteration.

Sentiment shifted meaningfully toward positive after the first iteration round.

Quantitative scoring results after iteration across SEQ, SUS, NPS, and DRT.

Post-iteration, both core tasks cleared acceptable SEQ scores — SUS, NPS, and DRT all improved.

Reflection

What worked. What I'm still solving.

Wins

AI-generated meals directly answered the decision fatigue behind Participant 7's meal-kit dependency — the clearest design-to-research link in the project. Frequently-bought-item reminders were the standout favorite: "helpful, not intrusive."

What I'd run next

In-store confirmation still has too many steps. Next test: three confirmation patterns (list-only, gesture-on-map, audio-confirm) in a within-subjects design — plus explicit post-task exploration prompts, since several participants never saw the broader app.

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